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How to Stop Obsessive Thoughts and Anxiety

Daniel Sher, MA, Clin Psychology
How to Stop Obsessive Thoughts and Anxiety

持续和消极的想法是焦虑症最常见的症状之一。焦虑使你几乎不可能停止专注于你不想去想的事情。这些想法很少是积极的,往往与你的恐惧或痛苦的情绪有关,在许多情况下,这种想法的存在会导致进一步的焦虑,并往往导致更多的困扰。

Obsessive thoughts are the hallmark of obsessive compulsive disorder, but there are types of "obsessive" thoughts that are present in a variety of anxiety disorders that won't necessarily cause a diagnosis of OCD. Below, we'll look at examples of these obsessive thoughts and how they affect you.

All Types of Anxiety Can Lead to Obsessive Thoughts

The idea of "obsession" is that you cannot focus on anything other than a specific issue (or a few issues), and no matter how hard you try you cannot distract yourself. Many people who don’t have anxiety disorders still experience such thoughts. For example, your first crush back in high school may have led to obsessive thoughts at the time, if their affection was all you could think about.

但是当这些想法是消极的或导致你焦虑/压力时,那么你很可能有焦虑症。

强迫症的困扰

对于被诊断为强迫症的人来说,强迫性思维是必需的。这些强迫性的想法往往是暴力的,性的,或恐惧的性质。这种想法可能会因情况而改变(稍后会更进一步),但一旦它们进入你的脑海,你通常会尽你所能摆脱它们。

Some examples of obsessive thoughts include:

请注意,其中一些明显比其他更令人痛苦。有些人对谋杀或强奸抱有不必要的幻想,而另一些人可能只是不断地担心自己没有关掉炉子。但它们有一个共同点,那就是它们会造成巨大的痛苦,一旦思想进入一个人的头脑,如果不采取某种行动就很难动摇。

That's what causes compulsions. Compulsions are the action that the person completes in order to reduce this obsessive thought. When the person fears germs (obsession), they may need to wash their hands repeatedly (compulsion). When the person fears the door being unlocked (obsession), they may need to lock it 3 or more times (compulsion) to stop that fear.

Those that are concerned about doing something violent or sexual may try out any habit that causes the intensity of the thoughts to decrease - most often, however, the person performs safe and acceptable routines or rituals - not necessarily the violent or sexual act itself! In OCD, these obsessions are simply unwanted thoughts - they are highly unlikely to be acted upon.

重要的是要记住焦虑确实会导致这些消极的想法和消极的想法。焦虑改变你大脑化学反应的方式让它变得很难to focus on the positives or the future, and so it's not your fault that you can't distract yourself from these thoughts or that you're having them at all.

你越想阻止他们

Numerous科学的研究表明,尝试太难以“不”思考某些事情,实际上可能会让你思考它更多。那是因为当你专注于避免思想时,你就会提醒你的大脑,这一点存在,而不是简单地忘记它并继续前进。这是一个奇怪的方式,大脑的作品,使得想要结束其强迫思想实际控制的人来说非常困难。

这对那些应对OCD的强迫思想的人来说是一个严重的问题。如果他们对这些想法的羞辱或恐惧感到羞耻或恐惧,他们会尽量不拥有它们;这将导致他们更有思想,让他们陷入恶性循环中。

Obsessive Thoughts in Other Anxiety Disorders

It's also possible to develop obsessive thoughts associated with other anxiety disorders. Generally, these will not be quite as severe or overwhelming as the thoughts in OCD, and you're unlikely to develop compulsions as a result, but there are often some similarities between both disorders. Your psychologist will be the one to diagnose which of the following you have. Some examples of these disorders include:

So, while generally an obsessive thought is considered a problem for those with OCD, it is something that can affect those with other types of anxiety disorders as well.

How to Stop Obsessive Thoughts

你需要采取整体方法来管理你的焦虑。不要试图瞄准痴迷的想法。尽量让你整体焦虑才能正确地解决它影响你的方式,并找到应对未来的压力的方法。以下是一些指针:

Stop Shaming Yourself

首先,你需要学会接受你的想法:你的焦虑或强迫症的症状。你需要停止羞辱自己,并停止感觉你需要推动这些想法。

Acceptance is crucial. These thoughts are not in your control, and not something you should expect to control. Learn to accept that they're a natural part of the disorder and that when you treat your disorder you'll have fewer of these thoughts.

是的,这是你需要治愈的东西,但是在他们发生的时候,它就像生病一样感冒。你不会因为打喷嚏而生气,所以你不应该试图对抗你的想法或将它们视为你个性的坏部分,而你仍然处理你的混乱。这对某些人来说显然很难,有时,有时需要从治疗师的额外支持。

写出持久的想法

有时你会有一种执着的想法。试着把这些想法写在日记或日记里。当你有机会将这些痛苦的想法写出来,以不同的方式处理它们时,你的大脑可能会更少地关注它们。

习惯焦虑

与强迫思想的人来说,最困难的部分是他们应该忍受焦虑的想法。但学会对焦虑的实际上是一种有效的策略。

Part of this will come from acceptance, as mentioned above. But a big part of it is simply learning to let yourself worry.

强迫趋势倾向于为痴迷提供太快的解决方案,导致您避免实际处理焦虑。然而,强迫性实际上加强了强烈的焦虑,因为你剥夺了自己在焦虑中存活并证明这一点的机会。但是,如果你尽可能地打迫迫切,让自己担心一段时间,你会经常发现痴迷会造成较少的恐惧,因为你知道一只手没有什么会来。

这通常需要在治疗师的存在下完成,他们可以教导你必须停止试图解决你的痴迷思想所需的技巧,并让他们成为强壮的。

引起你自己的焦虑

最后,在你的治疗师同意的情况下,你可以尝试的另一件事是你自己引起焦虑的想法——换句话说,有目的地去想那些给你带来那么多痛苦的事情。

这背后的想法被称为行为习惯化。如果你停止与这种想法作斗争,并开始有目的地尽可能频繁地体验它,这种想法最终会变得压力更小(甚至可能更无聊)。

如果它是你能做的事情,就像让你的手脏,留下光明,有目的地搞砸了你的公寓等,那么你就这样做了,以便你习惯了焦虑的感觉和学会害怕焦虑较少。如果这是你只是想到自己的事情,就像令人痛苦的想法一样,然后尝试故意触发这些想法,直到你接受他们没有真正的意义,让自己发现它们不那么恼火。

最好在专业人员在场的情况下进行这些操作,因为这种技术可能不适合所有人。然而,事实表明,你越是努力地面对和接受焦虑,它们就越容易处理。

并非所有痴迷的思想都是焦虑症

OCD和其他焦虑症是如此误解的原因之一是因为许多人声称他们在实际上没有痴迷的思想。例如,您可以听到许多名人,说他们有OCD,因为他们喜欢他们的食物呈现某种方式,或者他们不喜欢肮脏。

数以百万计的人有这些问题,但没有其他心理障碍。如果你的强迫思想或强迫成为焦虑或强迫症的一部分,它们需要频繁发生,以至于严重影响一个人的生活质量。如果你偶尔有强迫性的想法,甚至是一个或两个小的强迫,否则对你的健康几乎没有影响,很可能你没有强迫症。

But if your obsessions are causing you significant distress, then it's very likely that you have anxiety and could benefit from some support.

The Overall Solution to Obsessive Thoughts

不matter what you do at home in your spare time, you will still need to address your anxiety directly. Remember, your disorder causes obsessive thoughts, so the only way to truly stop these thoughts is to stop the disorder.

Anxiety is a manageable condition, but it is important to find the right treatment. Some of the better options for obsessive thoughts out there include:

这些只是众多不同的选择,可用于解决痴迷思维和焦虑,只要您寻求最适合您的产品,管理也是可能的。

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